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An proxy is also referred to by the name of a proxy, is software that acts as an intermediary between a client and server on the internet. Without the proxy, a user could send a request for any resource directly to the server and servers would provide direct to users who requested the resource. While this approach is straightforward to comprehend and use the addition of proxy servers may provide benefits like increased speed, privacy and security, etc. In addition to providing a layer of security, proxies act as a gatekeeper for the internet between servers and clients.




There is a general consensus that the system of server hardware coupled with installed proxy software is also often referred as proxy servers. This article will concentrate on proxies that are traditionally referred to as software, specifically with respect to web servers. This article will provide a brief overview of the two major types of proxy services that are a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each has its own use, which could be confusing due to the identical name convention.




This article will give you an understanding of different types of proxy and subtypes, and what they can do for the most common setups. Through this article you'll know the scenarios where you may benefit from a proxy and decide on the appropriate alternative between reverse proxy or forward proxy depending on the scenario.



Understanding Forward Proxies



Forward proxy, also known as an open proxy is a proxy for a user who wants to send a request via the internet to a source server. In this instance, any request sent by the client will be sent through the forward proxy. A forward proxy acting in instead of the user will review the request. It first will determine if the client is authorized to accept requests through this specific forward proxy. It will then either refuse any request, or redirect it to the server that originated it. The client will not be capable of having direct access to the internet; it will only be able to access the information that the forward proxy allows the access.




A very common uses for forward proxies is greater privacy or security on the internet. Forward proxy connects to the internet in lieu of an individual client, and during that process it can use another IP address, in contrast to the IP address that is used by the user.




Based on the way it's set up, and how it's set up forward proxy could provide many options and let you:




Avoid tracking ads.


Circumvent surveillance.


Find restrictions based on the geolocation.




Forward proxies are also used in systems to provide central security as well as permission-based access, like at a workplace. If all internet traffic passes through an open forward proxy layer, an administrator is able to permit only certain users access to the internet. This is controlled by a standard firewall. Instead of putting firewalls for the client layer, which could include multiple machines with different settings and types of users, the firewall can be placed on an intermediary layer.




Remember that forward proxies must be manually configured for be used, while reverse proxies can be ignored in the eyes of the user. According to the kind of IP address the client's connection to the server that generated it through the forward proxy, privacy and security may either be provided or rendered transparent.




There are many options to take into consideration for forward proxy:




Apache is an well-known open-source web server which provides forward proxy capability.


Nginx is a popular open-source webserver which has forward proxy capability.


Squid: An open source forward proxy that utilizes the HTTP protocol. This option doesn't include the entire web server. It is possible to refer to our guide on how to set up Squid proxy to enable private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante is an forward proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which makes it more appropriate for situations such as peer-to-peer connections. You can also check out how to set up an Dante proxy for connection to private networks in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy is a web server, which handles the requests of customers on its behalf. The server could function as a single server or multiple servers. Additionally, it can comprise an application server, such as Gunicorn. In all of these scenarios it is possible to send a request through the internet at large. Most of the time the request will be sent directly to the server along with all the information the user requires. A reverse proxy functions as an intermediary and separates your web server from communication with the internet's public.




From a consumer's point of view from a client's perspective reverse proxy use isn't different from connecting to an internet server direct. It's functionally identical, however the client can't discern the difference. The client makes a request for the resource, and it receives it, with no additional configuration needed from the client.




Reverse proxies offer options like:




A central layer of security that protects the server.


The direction of traffic that is according to rules you can establish.


A new feature for caching is now available.




Although central security is an advantage of both reverse and forward proxy services, reverse proxies provide this feature to the server layer and it is not available to the client layer. Instead of focusing on maintaining firewalls on the server level that could contain multiple servers with different configurations, the bulk of firewall security could be directed at the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore, taking the burden of interacting with firewalls and responding to requests from clients outside of web servers lets them concentrate solely on delivering the needs of their customers.




In the case of multiple servers hosted by a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy also handles the routing of requests to the server that is hosting them. Multiple web servers could be operating on the same server, serving various kinds of resources, or a mix of both. They may use the HTTP protocol as a normal web server, however they can additionally include protocols for application servers like FastCGI. You can create reverse proxy that routes clients to particular servers based on the request for source, and to observe certain guidelines for traffic load.




Reverse proxies can also make use of their position prior to web servers by offering caching capabilities. Large static files can be set by caching rules to avoid reaching web servers each time a request is made. There are solutions offering an option to serve static content without needing to interact with a webserver. In addition, reverse proxy is able to help compress these assets.




The renowned Nginx webserver is known as a wildly popular reverse proxy option. It is true that it is true that the Apache web server is able to use reverse proxy capabilities, it is an added feature for Apache however Nginx was designed originally to focus on the reverse proxy function.



Differentiating Forward Proxy and reverse Proxy Examples



Since "forward" as well as "reverse" are both associated with an impression of directionality and inaccurate comparisons to "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic and can be confusing since both kinds of proxies handle requests and response. The best way to differentiate between reverse and forward proxy servers would be to analyze the requirements of the app you're creating.




Reverse proxy is an important aspect in the design of a system to support websites on the internet. They act as your servers when you interact with the Internet.




Forward proxy can be useful to display customers' information to your personal use or for use in a working environment. They represent the client's information when you connect to the internet.




A distinction based on use case instead of focusing solely on naming conventions that are similar will help avoid confusion.



Conclusion



This article clarified the meaning of a proxy. There are two types, the reverse and forward proxy. Practical applications as well as an exploration of the beneficial attributes were utilized to distinguish forward proxies from reverse proxy. If you're interested in the use for proxy servers you can follow our tutorial on how to set up Nginx as an internet server and reverse proxy in Apache using the Ubuntu 20.04 Server.



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